Class Responses Week 9 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Class Responses Week 9 - Essay Example The whole world has recalled that him for his battle to help the entire country. His convictions were immovably stuck on the idea that for a person to be a political dissident one must stifle a few individual emotions (O’Fallon, 2012). As an appealling pioneer, Mandela demonstrated that tuning in to different people’s thoughts is the most indispensable thing for individuals to do as opposed to talking or settling on own choices without talking with others. Nelson Mandela described by his tranquil nature and taking care of business who cherished harmony, he battled for solidarity over the line of partition in South Africa (Stengel, 2008). Over the channel of life effort, Nelson Mandela had to settle on decisions that were hard so as to understand his incredible dream of a just, just as a bound together South African nation. In my decision, Nelson Mandela’s life and what he did to free South Africa makes him a transformational pioneer. Nelson Mandela life has affected my exhibition in a few measurements. Through understanding his life, I came to comprehend that it is consistently critical to tune in to others as they may be having valuable thoughts that can be useful. He has additionally caused me to see that it is so extraordinary to have a quiet and a brought together joint effort among individuals to satisfy a course of

The deve1opment of the idea of Holy War Essay Example for Free

The deve1opment of the possibility of Holy War Essay Whatever degree was the savagery in Western culture the MAIN explanation behind the deve1opment of the possibility of Holy War? Brutality in Western culture was certainly a conspicuous factor in the perfection of the idea of Holy War. In any case, it is abstract to state that it was the most unmistakable. The developing impact and intensity of the Catholic Church was potentially the most significant factor in its turn of events, as-after some time it had the option to channel and bind together the belligerents of Western Europe against a typical, fairly anonymous, foe. The job of the Church in the advancement of Holy War extends far back before the ninth century, especially in the compositions of the praised researcher St. Augustine of Hippo (d. 430). Augustines compositions which set out to explain and comprehend when Christians were permitted to depend on demonstrations of viciousness came when Christian profound quality and teaching were refined by the necessities and mental perspectives of the time, especially considering the vacuum made by the vanishing of Roman majestic position. His endeavor to accommodate the savagery seen in regular day to day existence with the standard pacifism of Christianity is alluded to as the idea of the simply war, which contends that viciousness can be ethically supported under unmistakable conditions. Digging into the idea of what established a simply war itself, Augustine concentrated on the thought of noble cause, expressing the sacred war tries to bring back slipped by or blasphemous brethren into the overlay of the Church, to spare their spirits if not their bodies. Augustines meaning of simply war would set a philosophical standard for characterizing European blessed wars all through the Crusade period. The Truce and Peace of God was likewise a urgent factor in the improvement of Holy War. During the tenth and eleventh hundreds of years, the developments gave knights inside Europe a more straightforward ministerial reason through the improvement of the possibility of valor. By conditioning savagery with a significantly more good and cautious emphasis a war in the administration of the frail and by including the strict promises of fealty to the medieval demonstration of tribute, churchmen did their most extreme to Christianize primitive society when all is said in done and as far as possible on medieval brutality specifically. A definitive objective of the Truce and Peace of God was the production of harmony associations, drove by common rulers who might consolidate to keep up the harmony and rebuff the individuals who contradicted their pledges by participating in brutal acts outside the set terms. Through the Peace of God development the Church was beginning to pick up expert for c hoosing what established a simply war, and is a central model from the Church of its developing endeavors to set the parameters for viciousness to more readily suit Christian standards and purposes. The symbolism and language of the Church likewise changed according to the ascent of Christian militarism. Adages and expressions, for example, miles Christi (officers of Christ,) that had been being used since the New Testament were utilized to portray laymen, particularly equipped warriors who bolstered ecclesiastical arrangements. Priests, to whom the term miles Christi was initially applied proved unable, even in this period, remain battle ready or battle. Rather, it would be the warriors of the First Crusade who might embrace a significant number of the profound objectives and a portion of the austere activities normal for monks.[4] The advancement of the Church during the tenth and eleventh hundreds of years developed through the taking up of an increasingly aggressive quality and by hooking it onto a strict regulation that was at that point in presence. This was a basic factor in the social acclimation of Europeans to a reexamined idea of Holy War. As the job of the Church in the public arena started to increment during the tenth and eleventh hundreds of years, originations of Holy War changed to mirror the new yearnings of the medieval papacy. Summoning the symbolism of affliction, languishing over ones religion to the point of death, Pope Alexander II allowed to the Christian knights in Spain an abatement of the retribution required for their wrongdoings. This idea of exculpation for troopers depicts a vital move in ecclesiastical strategy, to be specific by the presentation of forgiveness for warriors battling in a war regarded heavenly or just. All in all, savagery in Western culture was without a doubt a contributory factor in the improvement of Holy War, however it was the shrewdness of the Catholic Church that made the conclusive outcome. From effectively misusing the inconsistencies found inside the Old Testament, to praising fighting with the guarantee of the everlasting prize, the Church custom fitted the idea of war in arrangement with Christian precepts and standards; a belief system that would come to frame the bedrock of the Crusades.

Its Science! Stand Up For Success - College Essay Advisors Admissions Essay Experts

Its Science! Stand Up For Success - College Essay Advisors Admissions Essay Experts Its Science!: Stand Up For Success Its Science!: Stand Up For Success Even when we talk about how it starts, our students are sedentary.  Youre going to sit down and write that essay.  An article in yesterdays Wall Street Journal suggests that we should all be doing our work standing up, or at the very least, sitting up straight.  The advisors at CEA should take some lessons from this too â€" we dont want to morph into hunchbacks while spell checking your brilliant combinations of nouns and verbs.  Maybe, together, we can work to follow some of the articles most salient tips.  All of us can preserve our posture and maximize breath efficiency by sitting  with our rib cages lifted, our backs not touching our chairs, and both of our feet firmly planted on the floor â€" while incessantly typing, of course.  Maintaining good posture also helps people maintain a positive attitude â€" something we all need when digging into that third hour of drafting and re-drafting.  Its probably also a good idea to kick the whole process off with your weight on both legs; we dont know a single person whose brainstorming sessions didnt benefit from a little walk around the block.  Spine straight! About CEA HQView all posts by CEA HQ »

Modern technology is a bane. - 2123 Words

INTRODUCTION Rationale Modern technology has increased influence in contemporary society. It seems to be contributed many social opportunities. Understanding and taking advantage from technology is the main aspect in contemporary world which is approachable society. The research question about modern technology is seemed to advantage for study and analysis because technology is the most importance in society. Throughout two years experience in Industrial Engineering field, most of mass production process in domestic and foreign countries have concerned with technology that it probably seems to replace social responsibility. Convenience and constant performance can be produced by modern technology. Profound foundation of technology is†¦show more content†¦The appraisal Journal, 70(1), 10-20 This article attempts to show an economic downturn problem in United States of America in 2002. The prolonged economic crisis is caused from violent crime by terrorist attack on September 11th 2001. This article shows a content that concerns with an economic problem, which affects economic market in United States of America. The main point of this article adequately presents the information of economic crisis based on contemporary problem. This article is written for the researchers who are interesting in area of global crisis in the view of economics study. Foltz, B. V. (1995). The Technological Domination of Nature: Nature as inventory. In B. V. Foltz, Inhabiting the earth: Heidegger, environmental ethics, and the metaphysics of nature (pp.84-109). New Jersey: Humanities Press International, Inc.. This chapter discusses and clarifies the question of relationship between natural environment and policy of the future. The detail in this chapter can be presented as an attempt to clarify that possibility by explanation in details of how influential philosophers to rightly inhabit in the earth. The question how technology dominates on nature as inventory is described in this chapter. The significance of overwhelmingly disastrous consequence is emphasized in this chapter. This chapter is written for the researchers who are undertaking in area of natural environment philosophy. Hwang, S. (1999). Ecological panopticism;Show MoreRelatedscience sa11165 Words   |  5 PagesMorning ma’am and my dear friends, today, we all are present here to debate on the motion â€Å"Has Science made our lives more easy and comfortable?† I am going to speak against the motion. Dear friends, some say science is a boon and some say that it is a bane. According to me it i Premium 490  Words 2  Pages Science It is next to impossible to detach ourselves from science. We use equipments, invented by science in our daily life; but have we ever bothered to consider how science has made everyday lifeRead MoreScience Is a Boon or Bane1488 Words   |  6 PagesAs the given topic is science is boon or bane. I can say it depend upon people in what way they use the science. The invention of equation e=mc^2 paves way for the destruction of two countries. Lots and lots of million of poeple destroyed in this. But this plays much in solving energy crisis. Nowadays automobiles, vehicles makes our life comfortable in moving but at the same time, pollution destroys the ozone and creates major problem. By considering this we say, to solve this kinds of problem alsoaRead MoreEnterprise Resource Planning : A Single Cross Functional Database938 Words   |  4 Pageswith systems that collectively work as a single cross functional database. ERP systems are available for every key business function such as ord er processing, production control, HR, warehouse, marketing, finance and much more. By having a common technology and database platform throughout the firm, systems and processes from various departments can be integrated that achieve superiority in terms of enhanced cost, operational and productivity benefits. Implementing an ERP system requires careful planningRead MorePolice Technology Essay1162 Words   |  5 PagesPolice Technology CJA 214 October 9, 2010 Police Technology Police officers use a wide range of technology to protect individuals. Technology also makes it easier to identify the perpetrators of the crime committed. With modern day technology law enforcement can ensure a successful prosecution against those who break the law. Catching criminals is not easy work and if technology is helping law enforcement and the community more efficient and aware of the dangers in the city, town, or worldRead MoreTechnology And Its Impact On Society863 Words   |  4 Pagessociety. All groups in the society are connected and depend on each other. With the innovations and recent developments in digital technologies over the decades, the status of these connectedness in various groups in society has changed in both positive and negative manner. At present, technology plays a major role in connectedness. According to Lisa M Hess, â€Å"Technology determines who we are connected with and how we stay connected with them. Phone, cell phones, PDAs, computers, internet and emailRead MoreBoomer Generation Disadvantages1012 Words   |  5 PagesGenerations are funny things. Stereotypes dictate that older generations are conservative, and that younger generations are liberal. However, generations only play a small role in shaping an individual s identity. Family, technology, politics, education, society, and the economy all play an important role in shaping a person s destiny. Shocking differences and surprising similarities exist between all generations; the Boomers and the Millennials are no different. The most important determiningRead MoreBuilding Flexibility into Warehouse Planning and Design1177 Words   |  5 Pagesof resources that are involved in many warehousing operations, it is important to identify the most cost effective solutions at any given point in time but this analysis has become increasingly complex for two basic reasons. First, innovations in technology in recent years have created numerous opportunities as well as challenges for warehousing planning and design, with some of the industry best practices being replaced with software-driven solutions that were not even envisioned just a few yearsRead Moreadvabtages and disadvantages of electronic media829 Words   |  4 Pagesinformation, politics and other social activities. If we look around us what is there that is impossible to? It is none other than this electronic media that has made our life far more comfortable and luxurious. Obviously this enhancement in technology would have its banes and boons as well. As far as the advantages of this advancement is concerned so they are outnumbered. Electronic media has granted us with television, radio, computers, laptops, palmtops, mobiles and many more facilitating types ofRead MoreNuclear Warfare And Fear Of Nuclear Weapons1180 Words   |  5 Pageshow everything happened. The film analyses are more understandable as one is in a position to visualize the whole aspect of the cold war and its implications to the world. Nuclear Weapons and the New Technologies of the Cold War The nuclear weapons and the new technologies of the Cold War era are a bane to the Americans because they have brought more harm than benefits to their nation. They have widened the gap between them and other countries, and the weapons are taking a lot of their income as theyRead MoreTechnology changing the face of education1384 Words   |  6 Pages----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Case Study 1: Technology changing the face of education ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Technology is changing rapidly with new innovations and discoveries being made across the world. The change has touched our lives, directly and indirectly. One of the core aspects of an individual’s life is education and today, technology through the availability of expansive data and information is bringing

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Analysis of Dr. Martin Luther King’s “I Have a Dream” Speech Free Essays

Nhat Nguyen Patrick Clayton Cantrell English 1010-051 23 October, 2012 Analysis of Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. ’s â€Å"I Have a Dream† Speech Amidst the bigotry and racial violence of the Civil Rights Movement, there stood a shining example of brotherhood, unity, and an undying thirst for equality. We will write a custom essay sample on Analysis of Dr. Martin Luther King’s â€Å"I Have a Dream† Speech or any similar topic only for you Order Now In what was known as the March of Washington, an estimated total of 200,000 people of all races—observers estimated that 75–80% of the marchers were black and the rest were  white  and non-black minorities—took to the streets of Washington D. C. on August 28, 1963 in an effort to raise awareness of the ongoing racial injustice in the work field and in everyday life. It was on this momentous day that the great Martin Luther King Jr. , one of the most powerful and influential voices of the Civil Rights Movement, gave one of history’s most memorable speeches. His speech, later came to be known as the â€Å"I Have a Dream† speech, served to bring into light the injustice experienced daily by the African American population of the United States. In his famous speech, King outlined the racial discrimination and social inequalities that inhabit the great country whose creed explicitly states â€Å"all men are created equal. † This constituted the main purpose of his speech: to encourage and empower the attendees and those at home to challenge the widespread discrimination and the status quo of the time. Bigotry had a stranglehold on all aspects of life during the Civil Rights era. From childhood, racial themes and motifs were embedded into the very being of the child. A plethora of consequences arose from this. Whites usually aged into adulthood with the belief that racial superiority belonged to them because of the color of their skin. Most African Americans, on the other hand, grew up with beliefs very much contradictory to those of their white counterparts. Many aged with the preconceived notion that racial inferiority accompanied being black. Martin Luther King, in his speech, endeavored to end this narrow-minded approach to race by encouraging his audience to rise above what they once accepted as a social norm and be the light that would lead that generation out of blind hatred for their fellow an. He preached brotherhood and equality and electrified the crowd when he demanded the immediate realization of the â€Å"promises of democracy† (King). He galvanized the crowd to rebel from the dark, secluded â€Å"valley of segregation† and enter into the â€Å"sunlit path of racial justice† (King). He closed this portion of his speech by once again reiterating the import ance of immediate action. He called for justice for all of mankind, be they black, white, or any other race. Besides the obvious fact that he was speaking to the audience present, King’s speech was meant for a much broader audience. Specifically, his speech was targeted at those who desired to continue the economic and social oppression of African Americans. This could clearly be seen when King states, â€Å"And those who hope that the Negro needed to blow off steam and will now be content will have a rude awakening if the nation returns to business as usual† (King). In this sentence, King concentrated his words against â€Å"those. â€Å"Those† are the people who continued to disregard African Americans as equals. King wanted to make it known that he and millions alike would not quit until justice was dealt and democracy rang through the land. In another explicit example, King talks directly to â€Å"those† again. â€Å"There are those who are asking the devotees of civil rights, ‘When will you be satisfied? ’† (King). He goes on to answer t his question by saying that he and other civil rights activists will never be satisfied so long as injustice and discrimination remain a synonymous part of the United States’ culture. He ensured the people whose intentions were to physically, mentally, and economically deter African Americans that America will not experience rest or tranquility until all black men, women, and children are granted their rights as citizens. The speech was as much a message to those oppressed as it was to the oppressors. Martin Luther King’s speech was well formatted with respect to harmony, with each prior point flowing harmoniously into the next. It was organized into two halves. The first half portrayed American society as a cesspool of intolerance, racism, and close-mindedness, and it also revealed the incongruence between the themes of the American Dream and the suffering of African Americans. In the first half of the speech, King called for action to alleviate these overriding themes in American society. In his â€Å"now is the time† paragraph, King emphasized to the audience that the time for action is now and rejected gradualism. In his â€Å"we can never be satisfied† paragraph, he set the conditions that must be met before he and others like him can rest. The second half of the speech depicted the dream of a fairer, more perfect union, free from the shackles of segregation and racial discord. In the most memorable part of the speech, Martin Luther King famously stopped reading from his written speech and began to speak earnestly of his â€Å"dream† concerning the future of America. In the part of the speech that became its namesake, King repeatedly bellows the phrase, â€Å"I have a dream† (King). In a brief 3-minute period, King gave one of history’s most beautiful pieces of rhetoric, summoning boisterous cheers from the masses of people. King concluded his masterpiece by articulating to the crowd his vision of a democratic America, emancipated from the chains of prejudice. His dream was that individuals from all corners of society—different in color, culture, and beliefs—could one day gather together in unity with respect for one another. His comprehensive use of metaphors, imagery, and repetition served to persuade the audience to remain optimistic and faithful in the face of prejudice and despair. He appealed greatly to the crowd’s sense emotion and logic. He also masterfully used anaphora and allusions on several occasions in his moving speech. From under the shadow of the Lincoln Memorial, King fittingly began his speech alluding to Lincoln’s famous Gettysburg Address. He started by saying â€Å"five score years ago† (King). This assisted in setting the mood for the rest of the speech and was particularly poignant since King was speaking from the steps on the Lincoln Memorial. King also alluded to the Declaration of Independence when speaking of â€Å"the unalienable rights of life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness. This allusion powerfully reiterated America’s promise to all her people. There are several allusions to Biblical passages in the speech. Perhaps one of the most notable was when King warned the oppressors of civil rights that he and everyone who challenged discrimination will never surrender until â€Å"justice rolls down like waters, and righteousness like a mighty stream† (King). This w as reference to Amos 5:24. It appealed impressively to the audience’s emotions, stirring up shouts of â€Å"hallelujah† within the crowd. Metaphors were used throughout the speech to help emphasize and sometimes exaggerate the ppression experienced by the African American population during that era. King frequently compared discrimination to a desolate valley and the path to racial justice as a â€Å"sunlit† one. He would often describe oppression as a searing heat to intensify the pain that it caused. He described African Americans’ poor economic position as a â€Å"lonely island of prosperity  in the midst of a vast ocean of material prosperity† (King). This helped accentuate the situation that African Americans were in. King incorporated anaphora and repetition in his speech in order to stress the importance of key themes. One of the lesser known anaphora used was King’s repetition of â€Å"one hundred years later† (King). Here, King referred to the fact that 100 years after the signing of the Emancipation Proclamation, his people are still hampered by the weight of inequality. He repeated the phrase â€Å"now is the time† (King) in an attempt to inspire the audience to act immediately and to demand change that instance. The most famous and most often cited anaphora used was the repetition of the phrase â€Å"I have a dream† (King) In that passage King revealed his vision of a better tomorrow for America. He stated that even though he faces difficulties, he still maintained that dream. This helped to strengthen this portion of his speech tremendously. On August 28, 1963, Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. gave one of history’s most beautifully executed pieces of rhetoric. The language incorporated in the speech helped convey King’s message to America: challenge discrimination and the status quo and strive for an equal society. This will live on as one of King’s greatest contributions to the advancement of civil rights. Today, it remains a significant part of King’s legacy. How to cite Analysis of Dr. Martin Luther King’s â€Å"I Have a Dream† Speech, Papers

Dian Fossey †Life and Death Essay Sample free essay sample

Dian Fossey was born 1932 in San Francisco. Her parents divorced when she was six. Her female parent. Kitty and her 2nd hubby. contractor Richard Price. raised her. Her stepfather was a taskmaster and her female parent a worrier. harmonizing to Fossey’s history of her childhood. She left place for college and neer returned except for brief visits. Fossey began analyzing veterinary scientific discipline at the University of California. but she transferred to San Jose State College and switched big leagues to occupational therapy. She graduated in 1954 and moved 2. 000 stat mis from her female parent. taking a occupation working with autistic kids at a Shriners’ infirmary in Louisville. Kentucky. Through her work she became acquainted with physicians and their married womans. and through those contacts she developed an active societal life in Louisville. frolicing with work forces from the city’s societal registry. Among her suers were two brothers. Franz and Alexi e Forrester. scions of a Rhodesian household with royal Austrian roots. In portion through their influence. Fossey became smitten by Africa. By 1960 Fossey was obsessed with the thought of traveling on campaign. One job: She had no money. and the month-long trip would be $ 5. 000 — more than a full year’s wage. Franz Forrester offered a solution. He proposed matrimony. assuring a safari honeymoon. But Fossey was non ready to settle down. Alternatively. she saved every penny for two old ages. and so took a loan against future income to raise the money for her campaign. She departed Sept. 26. 1963. Fossey insisted that her guide take her to Olduvai Gorge in Serengeti National Park. the centre of Louis Leakey’s celebrated archeological research. Leakey was among the world’s most celebrated scientists in 1963. and Fossey was determined to run into him. Leakey proved to be rather suiting. as he by and large was with attractive immature adult females. They had a long visit. and Leakey encouraged Fossey to travel north to detect the rare mountain gorillas that lived at the boundary line lands of Rwanda. Uganda and Zaire. Leakey told Fossey to maintain intouch and she had every purpose to. She and her usher made their manner to the mountains. where Fossey met wildlife film makers Alan and Joan Root. who were shooting gorillas in the Virunga Mountains. The Roots allowed Fossey to label along. This was her first experience at high-level jungle hike. and she had problem maintaining up as the twosome and their African ushers moved fleetly along through rugged terrain at more than 10. 000 pess high. A native usher all of a sudden halted the group and used his matchet to cut a window through the coppice. Fossey crawled frontward and gazed through the gap. There was a group of 6 grownup gorillas lounging about. The following twenty-four hours. Fossey departed the mountains for an aeroplane trip South to Rhodesia ( now Zimbabwe ) to see the household farm of Franz and Alexie Forrester. But she left looking over her shoulder. She wrote. â€Å"I left†¦ neer doubting that somehow I would return to larn more about the Virunga gorillas. † With remarkable finding. Dian Fossey spent three old ages plotting her return to Africa. She maintained her occupation working with kids at the Louisville infirmary. chiefly because she had mortgaged her future income to procure the loan for her trip abroad. But on weekends and eventides she focused on her by-line. She tried without success to sell the movie she had shot in Africa. and she submitted exposure of her trip to the National Geographic. Fossey besides labored over several long magazine articles about her campaign. which she sent to some of the nation’s largest periodicals — Life. Saturday Evening Post. Reader’s Digest. She was rejected at every bend. Alternatively of giving up. Fossey enrolled in the Famous Writer’s School. the bathetic correspondence class that was popular with draw a bead oning wordsmiths in that epoch. The Louisville Courier-Journal eventually agreed to print several narratives about her escapade. But her large interruption did non come from a magazine or a celebrated author. It came from Louis Leakey. In March 1966. three old ages after Fossey’s campaign. Leakey stopped in Louisville during a lecture circuit. Fossey lined up with tonss of others to run into him after the address. â€Å"When my bend came. he gave a crinkled smiling of acknowledgment and gave my manus a good long squeezing. † Fossey wrote. â€Å"I told him that all I truly wanted was to pass my life working with animate beings — that had ever been my dream. and I was particularly interested in the gorillas on the Virunga mountains. † Her timing could non hold been more perfect. Leakey was sing patronizing a lo ng-run survey of the mountain gorillas. Leakey asked her to run into him the following forenoon. At the meeting Leakey explained that he had already interviewed 22 appliers for the gorilla undertaking. Most were male. university-trained scientists. But Leakey said he preferred the enthusiastic adult females. This was true. In 1960. he had been paid a visit in Africa by Jane Goodall. a immature native Londoner on extended vacation. Although she was untrained in the scientific disciplines. Leakey used his sway to name Goodall to get down a survey of a community of Pan troglodytess on the shores of Lake Tanganyika. Fossey was 34. eight old ages older than Goodall when she began her work. Leakey told Fossey she was the perfect age — mature and beyond the age of roseola determinations. Three hebdomads subsequently. he sent a missive offering Fossey the gorilla occupation. Fossey quit her occupation. tied up loose terminals in Louisville. paid a visit to her household in California and departed for Africa 10 yearss before Christmas in 1966. Five old ages subsequently. Louis Leakey anointed Birute Galdikas. a immature Canadian. to analyze Pongo pygmaeuss in the rain forests of Borneo. Together. the three primatologists — Goodall. Fossey and Galdikas — would go known as â₠¬Å"Leakey’s Angels. † With Leakey’s support. Fossey established the Karisoke Research Center. named for the two mountain extremums that framed it. Mt. Karisimbi and Mt. Visoke. Fossey made a determination to establish her research work closer to the gorillas than to civilization. From the nearest route. her cantonment was a three-hour ascent up a way that ascended 4. 000 pess She lived an severe life style. giving herself to day-to-day field observation of the gorilla groups populating within boosting distance of Karisoke. She lived in a collapsible shelter for many months. so directed the building of a little. tin-roofed cabin that better protected her from the frequent rain and chilly air. Except for the occasional visitant. her lone regular contact with the outside universe was a monthly food market jaunt to the small town at the base of the mountain. By most appraisals. Fossey was fantastically successful in working with the animate beings during her early old ages in Africa. She spent infinite hours in the shrub. detecting the gorillas and documenting their behaviour. genteelness and interplay. Over months and old ages. the relentless clip she spent wi th the animate beings at close quarters began to pay off as the gorillas became more at easiness with her presence. The funny animate beings began to near her of all time more closely. She copied their motions and gestures. instinctively understanding this signifier of communicating could be a span. Over clip. Fossey documented the familial relationships within eight groups of gorillas. totaling about 100 in all. that lived in the locality of her cantonment. Fossey estimated there were merely 250 mountain gorillas in all. She gave names to each of the apes — Uncle Bert. Peanuts. Amok. But she developed a peculiar affinity with a immature male she named Digit. foremost encountered shortly after she arrived in Africa. As he matured. the gorilla exhibited a bold wonder about Fossey. and over several old ages they developed a relationship so near that it was considered unprecedented between the two species. Digit and other gorillas in his group began handling Fossey as a de facto ape. She was allowed to sit in their thick. keep the babies. prepare the grownups and. in bend. be groomed. She woul d catch a wink with them. play with them. and even eat with them. fall ining the gorillas as they dined on foliages. fruit. seeds. flowers. roots and herbs. Even the dominant silverback males — who could weigh 400 lbs and are regarded as aggressive and potentially unsafe — began to accept Fossey’s presence. In January 1970. the relationships between Fossey. Digit and the other mountain gorillas were documented in a screen narrative she wrote for National Geographic magazine. The images of Fossey communing with the great apes captured the Black Marias of the universe. Journalists and documental film makers rushed to Rwanda for their ain expression at Fossey and her haired friends. The attending attracted extra support. and Karisoke began to resemble a true research centre. with several new cabins constructed to house visitants. University pupils began competing for places as research helpers at Karisoke. and research scientists angled for impermanent places working alongside the celebrated gorilla-watcher. Just three old ages in Africa. Fossey was at the top of her profession as a field research worker. Unfortunately. Dian Fossey neer developed the same fondness for most worlds that she felt for gorillas. She had nil good to state about — or to — any of her African employees. In her diary. letters. studies and conversations. Fossey systematically lambasted the Africans for assorted defects. She wrote in her diary. â€Å"My cookboy. Phocas†¦ is so ill-mannered and impudent I hate holding him here†¦ The same holds true with the park guards. You can’t be nice to them. If you give them a coffin nail one twenty-four hours. they want the battalion the following. So I go about giving orders and grumbling†¦Ã¢â‚¬  Another of Fossey’s peeves was the indigens who grazed their domestic farm animal amid the gorilla home ground in the park. Over clip she became shockingly blatant in her intervention of the illegal grazers. More than one time she took up a rifle and changeable cattles owned by a native whom she believed had violated park ordinances against croping. But she saved her most deadly sulfuric acid for poachers. They moved similar shadows in little groups through the Parc diethylstilbestrols Volcans. Most were armed with lances and matchets. non guns. Some hunted for meat to last. aiming antelope. guib. American bison and the coney. a rabbit-like animal. But others specifically targeted gorillas to sell their trophy custodies and caputs on the international souvenir black market. After buttonholing by Fossey. the Ruandan authorities agreed to post anti-poaching patrols at her Karisoke centre. The patrols managed to force the poachers around a spot. and sometimes they would hale in a suspect. Fossey often exacted bodily penalty. crushing the accused with a cane or the chaff of a nettles works. She frequently used an extra maneuver: bogus black thaumaturgy. With fire. gunpowder and flairs. she would feign to project a enchantment on the suspected wrongdoer. trusting that word would acquire around among poachers of her extraordinary powers. Indeed. she came to be regarded as a small loony. poss ibly deservedly. Fossey had a long-running conflict with a ill-famed poacher named Munyarukiko. In the spring of 1972. she discovered that Munyarukiko had staged his ain apprehension by park guards. who collected a $ 120 wages. divide it with the poacher. so released him. Fossey marched to Munyarukiko’s cantonment. burned his properties and kidnapped his four-year-old boy. whom she held for a twenty-four hours before let go ofing him. In her diaries. she referred to her incidents of livestock-shooting. vigilance man assaults and snatch as â€Å"my latest no-no. † Fossey established a gorilla cemetery at Karisoke for apes killed by poachers. Despite her attempts and those of the authorities patrols. carcases turned up from clip to clip. and the cemetery grew — each secret plan marked by a stubby pole topped with a board on which Fossey painted the name she had given the animate being. On Jan. 1. 1978. an helper found the cadaver of Fossey’s beloved Digit. by so a immature silverback. ten-years-old. His caput. bosom and custodies and pess had been removed. A dead Canis familiaris found at the site — seemingly killed by Digit before he was himself speared to decease — was identified as belonging to Munyarukiko. t he ill-famed poacher. The seminal event prompted Fossey to alter the focal point of her work. She basically abandoned academic research in favour of gorilla protagonism — what she came to name â€Å"active preservation. † She founded the Digit Fund to pay for her work. Fossey offered a hard currency premium on Digit’s slayers and threatened the authorities with an anti-tourism posting having exposures of the ape’s mutilated cadaver above the motto. â€Å"Come Visit Me in Rwanda. † She ordered her pupil research workers to get down transporting guns. Not long after the violent death. her African employees captured a local tribesman who admitted that Munyarukiko’s kin was responsible — although Fossey acknowledged that she and her work forces had hogtied the adult male and â€Å"examined him really. really. really exhaustively. † The tribesman said Munyarukiko had been paid the equivalent of $ 20 for Digit’s organic structure parts. Fossey held the adult male for several yearss before turning him over to authorities governments. and the Rwandan authorities complained to the U. S. embassy. which in bend griped to National Geographic Society. by so her primary support beginning. She received a wire from Melvin Payne. president of National Geographic: â€Å"WE ARE GREATLY DISTURBED BY OFFICIAL REPORT RECENT INCIDENT INVOLVING YOURSELF AND POACHERS STOP FULLY UNDERSTAND YOUR POSITION BUT URGE UTMOST RESTRAINT IN VIEW YOUR STATUS AS ALIEN RWANDA TOTALLY DEPENDENT UPON GOVERNMENT GOODWILL FOR CONTINUATION YOUR RESEARCH. † She subsequently received an official missive from the Rwandan authorities. warning against any promotion â€Å"that would discredit Rwanda and Rwandan Parkss. † Fossey agreed to a meeting at the American embassy in the capital metropolis of Kigali. and she sat steaming as an old Belgian colonial governor. J. P. Harroy. castigated her for Digit’s decease. Belgian advisers to the Rwandan authorities believed gorilla touristry was one of the hapless country’s few possibilities for income. â€Å"He had the nervus to state that Digit had been killed because of me. † Fossey wrote in her diary. â€Å"He said the poachers wanted retaliation because I’ve stopped their activities†¦ Harroy besides had the audaciousness to state me that it was incorrect for me to catch one of Digit’s slayers! † Fossey dismissed Harroy’s thoughts as those of a â€Å"senile old adult male. † But ulterior events would do his words seem like a fore runner. Dian Fossey’s reaction to the Belgian functionary was typical: She was an chronic name-killer and was non above throwing a fit — or a piece of furniture — if something did non travel her manner. And things seldom went her manner in personal relationships. Granted. life in a cabin on an African mountaintop does non ask for stable domesticity. But Fossey had a bad wont of shiping on personal businesss with married work forces. These included any figure of visitants to Karisoke. from tourers to camera operators to pupils to sing bookmans. She had other likewise doomed relationships during her periodic sabbaticals to universities in England and the United States. Most ended the same manner: with the adult male go forthing a devastated Fossey behind. She even had a brief crack with Louis Leakey. although that was the rare instance in which Fossey dumped the love-bitten scientist. who gamely persisted with a series of sad love letters. But Fossey’s most seeking relationship was a mix of personal and professional. In 1970. during a doctoral-studies stretch at Cambridge in England. Fossey met an ambitious undergraduate pupil named Alexander ( Sandy ) Harcourt. She invited him to Karisoke as an houseman. and her diary indicates that the y developed an confidant relationship. although he was half her age. Harcourt returned to the Rwandan research centre as a Ph. D. pupil in 1972. This clip. alternatively of partner offing up with Fossey. Harcourt fell for a immature American pupil from Stanford. Kelly Stewart. girl of the histrion Jimmy Stewart. Fossey wrote admiringly about the bright. cagey Stewart during her first hebdomads at Karisoke. But her journal notes took a bend after Harcourt and Stewart became lovers. Like a priggish aunt. she observed their motions as keenly as she had her gorillas. â€Å"Sandy’s cabin visible radiations went off early. and hers much earlier. but so come on once more. and her drapes steadfastly drawn. Whom do they believe they’re pull the leg ofing? † For more than a decennary after those covetous words were written. Fossey and Harcourt fought over control of the Karisoke centre. Kelly and Harcourt disparaged Fossey behind her back as boozy. lazy and Moody. and Harcourt lobbied difficult with support beginnings to be named manager of Karisoke. Fossey had similar struggles with Amy Vedder and Bill Weber. another immature scientist twosome who conducted research at the centre. They subsequently wrote a book claiming that Fossey got excessively much recognition for her gorilla-study undertaking. They went so far as to claim that Fossey seldom visited the gorillas because she was drunk much of the clip. Bill Weber with gorillaA blunt missive that Frank Crigler. the U. S. embassador to Rwanda. wrote to Fossey in 1978. after the violent deaths of Digit and two other gorillas. gives some acceptance to their allegations. In his missive Crigler refers to â€Å"the Fossey job. † â€Å"This town ( Kigali ) is afloat in unfriendly ‘Fossey stories’ right now. all about your heavy imbibing. gun catapulting. and manic-depression. Some of it. at least. is making the Rwandan governments. † Crigler wrote. â€Å"There’s a existent danger that even well-meaning people could go positive that Fossey is more of a liability than an plus to faunal saving now. And those indignant letters to the Rwandan authorities from American environmentalists. all of them mentioning your name. aren’t assisting affairs either. † Making the same point as the former Belgian governor. Crigler went on to compose that some people were â€Å"becoming progressively convinced that they ( the gorilla violent deaths ) are the consequences of a blood feud aimed at you personally. I take every chance to emphasize that†¦ the authorities must check down on the individuals behind this blood feud. But there is however a inclination for some to desire to take the easier manner out. i. e. . to take the mark of the blood feud. † Alternatively. she devised a program to take a leave on her ain footings. and in March 1980 she eventually left Karisoke for an assignment as a visiting professor at Cornell University in upstate New York. She used her clip there to smooth her memoirs and to recover her wellness. decimated by sciatica. chronic respiratory hurt and back hurting. Fossey spent most of the following three old ages in the United States. The success of her book. Gorillas in the Mist. published in the summer of 1983. filled her bank history at the right clip. Foundation support for Karisoke had dried up. as threatened. and Fossey began paying the measures herself when she returned to Rwanda in November 1983. In the autumn of 1985. a series of uneven incidents presaged Fossey’s slaying. First. her favored parrots fell victim to evident toxic condition. A few yearss subsequently. Fossey found the carven similitude of a whiff adder — a deadly African serpent — on the doorsill of her cabin. Harmonizing to the region’s black thaumaturgy. this meant she had been marked with the expletive of decease. Fossey noted in an Oct. 27 diary entry that she had received the evident menace. but she paid small attentiveness. Precisely two months subsequently. early in the forenoon on Dec. 27. 1985. person broke into her cabin while she slept by strike harding a hole in a wall. Fossey seemingly was awakened by the interlopers. and she scrambled for a pistol stored in a agency drawer. She got the gun and its ammo cartridge holder in manus. but she was slain by two blows from a shrub matchet that cleaved unfastened her caput before she could utilize the arm. At dawn. an African adj utant presenting java found her organic structure splayed across the couch. The floor glittered with broken glass from lamp Earths shattered during the battle. The mattress on her bed was awry. and a little tabular array at the centre of the cabin was overturned. The offense scene indicated that Dian Fossey died contending. Fossey was buried in her gorilla cemetery on the concluding twenty-four hours of 1985. Her initial gravemarker was indistinguishable to those of the gorillas who lay buried around her: a simple wooden poster painted with the name â€Å"Dian. † Later. person added a more lasting marker.

Bata Case Study Essay Example

Bata Case Study Essay Example Bata Case Study Essay Bata Case Study Essay The restructuring and re-engineering of the Company was largely possible due to the continuous and sustained efforts put in by Mr. Villagran. He glanced through the report he had presented to his team a year ago. â€Å"Operational Restructuring† was the title he had given it. Closing cash drain stores, renovating few existing ones and large scale expansion was suggested. Mr. Villagran could sense the changing market. He knew he had to do something to give a boost to this 80year old company. The outcome of this decision was its opening of 69 new stores and renovation of 40 of its existing ones. The company also closed 73 stores that were not performing well. Now the count was 1250 stores. In the quarter ended June 2010, the company’s net sales increased by 13. 4 per cent and net profit by 41. 1 per cent over the corresponding quarter of the previous year. The operating margins also improved to 13. 4 per cent from 11 per cent. The team was delighted with the results but Mr. Villagran just smiled. He knew it was just the beginning. There is a lot more to be done. The competition in the Indian market had grown exponentially. The Indian customer was getting very demanding in terms of style and availability. The customer had more options. He sipped his coffee as he contemplated on how this success could be sustained. Indian Footwear Retail Industry Footwear is a necessity to every person and at the same time is now a lifestyle as also a performance enhancement product; and is thus a segment with vast potential. The Indian footwear market is estimated to be worth Rs. 14,000 crores (approximately) and constitutes just about one percent of Indian retail. About 37. percent of retail footwear is in the organized segment, which qualifies it as the second most organized retail category in India, next only to Watches. Footwear is expected to comprise about 60% of the total leather exports by 2011 from over 38% in 2006-07. Presently, the Indian footwear market is dominated by Mens footwear market that accounts for nearly 58% of the total Indian footwear retail market. By products, the Indian footwear market is domi nated by casual footwear market that makes up for nearly two-third of the total footwear retail market. As footwear retailing in India remain focused on mens shoes, there exists a plethora of opportunities in the exclusive ladies and kids footwear segment with no organized retailing chain having a national presence in either of these categories. The Indian footwear market scores over other footwear markets as it gives benefits like low cost of production, abundant raw material, and has huge consumption market. The footwear component industry also has enormous opportunity for growth to cater to increasing production of footwear of various types, both for export and domestic market. BATA-GLOBAL Bata Ltd. is a privately owned global shoe manufacturer and retailer headquartered in Ontario, Canada. Bata is organized into four business units. Bata Canada, based in Toronto, serves the Canadian market with 250 stores. Based in Paris, Bata Europe serves the European market with 500 stores. With supervision located in Singapore, Bata International boasts 3,000 stores to serve markets in Africa, the Pacific, and Asia, Finally, Bata Latin America, operating out of Mexico City, sells footwear throughout Latin America. All told, Bata owns more than 4,700 retail stores and 46 production facilities. Total employment for the company exceeds 50,000. The Bata Shoe Organisation consists of 96 independently run companies in 90 countries throughout the world. BATA-INDIA Bata India Limited was incorporated at Calcutta in 1931. The Company manufactures and markets of all types of footwear, footwear components, leather and products allied to footwear trade. Bata was originally promoted as Bata Shoe Co Pvt Ltd. It became a public limited company in 1973 and the name was changed to Bata India Ltd. A retail network of over 1250 stores gives Bata a reach unmatched by any other company. The Bata Shoe Store is amongst the most recognizable and favoured landmark in any major market in India. Bata continues with its strategy of retail expansion, with 60 new Bata Shoe Stores opened every year, and existing stores being renovated during the year. The focus is on growing its Retail business continued with the opening of almost 2 new/renovated Bata Shoe Stores every week. All the new stores are in large format, with an average size of 3000 sq. feet and offer an unparalleled footwear shopping experience to the customer. An extensive retail network of owned and franchised stores enables the Company to reach out to consumers across the length and breadth of the country. Being a part of the Bata Shoe Organization gives the Company access to new designs, brands and production technologies. India is a very large market and offers good demand potential for footwear which is an item of mass consumption . A continuous focus on consistent quality and a constant endeavour to provide quality products at affordable prices is been one of the strength’s for the company. The Company has been in existence for more than seven decades and faces a challenge in switching to new production technologies. The Company faces competition from the unorganized market which is able to sell footwear at low cost due to lower overheads and manufacturing costs. Opening of the Indian market to imports has resulted in the Company facing competition from cheap imports. It is also a fact that the need for the product differentiation in the current market has become very important. There is an immense growth in the need of new fashioned footwear and the women are becoming more fashion oriented in India. So a need arises to satisfy them with a lower cost product with unique features. All the new stores are in large format, with an average size of 3000 sq. ft. and with a growing focus on training of store staff, the new Bata Shoe Store delivers the best footwear shopping experience to the customers. The layout of Bata stores is as per Bata international standards and is designed to offer the most effective display and provide the maximum convenience to the customers. Bata’s Wholesale Division It consists of 14 depots located across the country selling Bata products through 150 distributors and over 20,000 independent shoe dealers. The focus is on selling volume products catering to complete family needs. Bata Industrials is a specialized division of Bata India Limited catering to footwear needs of various industries. Whilst safety and durability are essential properties of these footwear, Bata also provides special features like impact resistance, heat resistance, oil resistance, lightweight etc. depending upon specific industry requirements like steel, oil gas, cement, automobile, heavy engineering etc. Bata Institutional Sales Division It focuses on direct sales to various institutions such as hospitality, airlines, retail, hospitals, etc. For corporate offices, it offers a selected range of regular wear occupational shoes for management level people working in an industry or construction environment. In addition, it provides excellent quality canvas shoes, hunter shoes, miners shoes etc. to meet specific requirements of army, police forces and mining industry. Branding Division is a new division and it consists of 15 distributors located in major metros selling footwear under Hush Puppies and Dr Scholls brands to departmental stores, footwear chains, specialty stores and high street dealers. Milestones (post 1985) In 1988 an agreement was arrived at with Adidas of West Germany for manufacture and marketing of sports and special application footwear, sports goods and sportswear in India and the products were launched in December, 1989 for sales through wholesalers and independent retailers. In 1990 a highly versatile sample 18-station bicolour injection moulding plant was installed in the Bangalore factory for production of `State-of-the-art injection moulded shoes with synthetic and textile uppers and specially developed PVC compounds as sole material. In 1992 the workers at Batanagar factory went on strike from 3rd January, to 23rd May, which resulted in a substantial loss of production during the initial 6 months of the year. The Company undertook to set up a green field export oriented unit at Hosur in Tamilnadu with the State-of-the-art technology. Over the years, the Company with the collaboration of Bata Development, Ltd. , London, U. K. , and its association with Bata Ltd. , Toronto, also built up its own well-equipped and up-to-date RD organisation. 1993 the Company undertook to expand and modernise its existing plants to optimize capacity and to become cost efficient on a global basis. Apart from this it also undertook expansion and up gradation of its retail stores. In 1995 they resolved their labour issues by signing The Long Term Agreement with the Bata Mazdoor Union representing employees of Batanagar and Calcutta Offices at bipartite level satisfactorily without any disruption of work. As a result of all these efforts, Indias largest shoe company Bata India (BIL) performed admirably to stage a remarkable turnaround for the year ended December 1996. The companys debt-equity ratio also improved dramatically to 0. 60:1 from 1. 90:1 in December 1996, and 2. 06:1 in December 1996. Bata also entered into a marketing tie-up with Nike wherein the latter’s products were offered from select Bata outlets. In 1998, every Bata outlet, 1,000 owned and over 600 joint ventures started selling Hush Puppies, Marie Claire and Adidas. In 1999 they decided to launch new products on a regular basis by expanding its womens range, and move into the premium segments it had vacated. Also, Batas Faridabad factory workers union finally reached an agreement with the company management, ending the nearly eight-month-old lock-out at the unit the same year. In 1999 Bata India aimed to achieve a 15 per cent growth in turnover and profits, to reach the target set out in the Vision 2001 plan drawn up by Compass, the international board of the Bata Shoe Organisation (BSO). By 2000, Bata India (Bata) emerged as the largest footwear manufacturer and produces a wide range of footwear such as canvas, rubber, leather, plastic and so on. In 2000, Bata India becomes India’s largest footwear manufacturer. In 2003, Bata repositions itself as a marketing firm. Bata faced some major issues. One, a major reason for the rise in costs and fall in sales is because of Batas recurring labour problems. Second, while Bata continued to be a dominant organised player in the domestic footwear market, it faces competition from the unorganised sector. This, to a large extent, was on accou nt of the fact that Batas target market is also catered to by the unorganised sector. This sector appeared more competitive as it had the benefit of being unorganised and, thus, does not have to pay tax. This threatened Batas margins. The industry, especially the lower middle-class target market, was highly price-sensitive. High margins were virtually impossible as rising costs exert pressure on them. Turnaround Story Things started looking up in 2005, when old loyalist Marcelo Villagran was made MD. New collections, a tiered store structure, specialised manufacturing bases and stores kept time with mall culture. They started focussing on concept-based designs, and paid attention to the smallest of things: keeping stores open till late and displaying all our shoes in pairs. New designers and changing collections also helped. No-frills school shoes gave way to chic high-heeled numbers and the customers returned. Bata planned to open 70 stores that year and was expecting a 10 per cent increase in sales. The Company initiated a retail restructuring program, which enabled the Company to keep the shops open for longer hours and seven days a week. With voluntary retirement schemes in place to reduce excess manpower, closing down of 70 unviable shops, lucrative incentives to staff and better stock management helped Bata to turnaround fast. By 2006, sales started picking up and so had the bottomline. It started generating enough cash from operations to plonk down small sums on fixed asset expansion. Sensibly enough, it had also quickly moved in to reduce it borrowings. To cope with the expansion in volumes, the companys distribution network and computerised distribution and inventory systems were revamped. Inventory build-up was a problem, and the periodic sales in select outlets were a strategy to clear slow-moving articles. STP Segmentation: Bata has segmented the market on the basis of segmentation variables like Demographic –They have segmented the market on the basis of Age, Sex, Income and Occupation by providing products catering to the needs of customers across this segment. Psychographic –Readiness stage: Life style, Personality, Benefits sought, User status, Usage rate, Loyalty status. With the changing customer mindset, Bata is trying to bring in newer designs for the new generation customers who are style conscious and consider footwear as a style statement. Earlier Bata was seen as a durable and value for money brand and had little to worry about the design and style. But now people seek style and functionality together. Target Customers Bata had traditionally been targeting the middle strata of the society in India. In precise terms they were focused more on the lower middle and middle classes. Due to the changing market dynamics the competition had started undercutting their prices and Bata was thinking of shifting its focus towards the higher premium end of the market as well. This basically resulted in it pursuing practices, through which it could not focus its efforts. As of now they have a variety of products wherein they have casual and formal shoes, slippers and sandals. This is available for kids, men and women. The price range is from Rs 130 to more than Rs 3500. Value Proposition for the Customers If analyzed for the value that Bata was providing to its customers their value proposition may be categorized as follows. ?Reasonable quality at low or reasonable price ?Footwear for the entire family ?Footwear catering to various functional needs e. g. sports, casual footwear, formal-semi formal ? Conveniently accessible outlets in various parts of the country ? Prior to entry of local players and the Chinese imports, some sort of social visibility could also be associated with Bata, as it was one of the two major brands in the country then. 4Ps Product: Bata footwear is trusted for quality. Product Variety, Quality, Features, Options, Style, Brand Name, Packaging, Sizes etc are things which are Bata known for. Bata is trying to concentrate on customer buying experience now. As a part of this initiative Bata has introduced the concept of flagship stores to provide complete and unique shopping experience at par with their stores abroad. Bata’s brand new collection of highly fashionable international range of ladies footwear under the Marie Claire brand will be one of the major attractions at this flagship store These retail stores will also showcase top-of-the-line brands including the latest international collection from Weinbrenner, Hush Puppies, Bubble Gummer, Dr Scholls and Bata Tech shoes. Brands like Nike, Reebok and Adidas will also be available. Place: International trends, relaxed ambience, great products, and courteous staff at the new-look Flagship store are all a part of Bata’s new marketing strategy. These stores will additionally offer trendy accessories like caps, T-shirts and other lifestyle products making it a complete one-stop shopping experience for its customers. Earlier Bata concentrated on mass marketing and its nation-wide distribution network is the one factor which contributed to its popularity and accessibility for its customers. Promotion: Bata has tried to promote the brand by stressing on comfort and toughness. Recently there have been efforts to position it as a youth brand by bringing in shoes for girls and advertisements depicting youngsters and fun. Bata has gift vouchers in convenient denominations, redeemable on all Bata products, acceptable over 800 stores all over India and with 6 months validity Price: The price range of Bata footwear products varies from Rs. 130 to Rs. 3500. The product caters to lower middle class, middle class and upper middle class segments. But the range of upper middle class customers of Bata are less as it does not attract the young affluent population. Porters Value Chain BATA Factories-a network of almost 40 shoe production facilities, tanneries and engineering workshops in 25 countries. Procurement- B. I. P. C (Bata International Procurement Centre) has been established to satisfy the procurement needs of individual companies for finished products and components. Through strict controls of the supply chain management process, B. I. P. C ensures exclusive products and shoe production line development with superior quality and comfort at very competitive prices. Operations and Reach – Opening of new stores and shutting down of unprofitable stores. Widest network with 1250 stores spread across the nation Marketing and Sales- All BATA showrooms had well trained employees in uniforms to assist sales. The sales process was made more professional to reach out the the expectations of the new customer. Services – Exclusive outlets with an avg, space of greater than 3000 square feet. Good ambience. Improved online presence and e-commerce. Porter’s five force COMPETITOR ANALYSIS ADIDAS: Adidas ltd is a German sports apparel manufacturer and part of the Adidas group, which consists of Reebok sportswear company, Taylor Made-Adidas golf company, and Rockport. Adidas is the largest sportswear manufacturer in Europe and the second largest sportswear manufacturer in the world. The elements of the strategy are to target the brand to urban youth with brand proposition from ‘competition to lifestyle’ using the authentic sports platform and build and reinforce credibility through relevant brand ambassadors and grassroots sports marketing programs. Further, it would target principal consumption centres, namely metros and build significant stand-alone exclusive store presence in significant locations. Liberty: Liberty shoes ltd. is a leading leather shoes brand and is engaged in the manufacturing, supplying and exporting of the footwear’s. It is the only Indian leather shoe brand that occupies fifth ranking among the top shoes manufacturing companies in the world. Liberty’s strategy over the years is to create multi-brands under one umbrella label, plug existing gaps in consumer demographic profiles, and broad base pricing to a large extent. Force 10, Libertys first sub-brand, was born in August 1990. While theres Force 10 for casual sports, theres Geo Sport in the performance shoe slot. Windsor and Fortune are mens formals, Senorita and Tiptop comprise the womens range, Footfun is for kids, and sandals and chappals fall under the Gliders and Coolers labels. Although the prices are mass-oriented, it has image of a fairly upmarket imagery. Relaxo: Relaxo entered into footwear industry in 1976. It started off with the manufacturing of Hawaii slippers and subsequently diversified into manufacturing casuals, joggers, school and leather shoes. Relaxo has the capacity to manufacture over 100 million pairs, per annum. It has the customer base of around 100 million Nike: Nike, Inc. is the biggest manufacturer worldwide of both athletic footwear and apparel in terms of sales. It specializes in the production and sale of athletic footwear, apparel and equipment. For the fiscal year 2009 it announces revenues of about $19. 2 billion. Net income in the third quarter of 2010 is almost double in the net income in the same period of the previous year bringing it up to $496 million. Nike’s strategy in this front is to develop a premium brand associated with high quality product that satisfies customer needs. Nike’s brand is associated with an aggressive attitude portrayed by, â€Å"you don’t win silver, you lose gold,† which clearly suggests that winning is vital. Nike built its brand around sports, attitude and lifestyle. COMPARISON OF COMPANIES: Average Growth Rate (2005- 08) Nike 10. 5% Adidas 22. 46% Bata 7. 8% Liberty 11. 16% MARKET SHARE OVER YEARS Ansoff Model Bata in India caters to a large segment of the population. Earlier, before the markets opened, it was seen as a good quality, value for money brand with shoes that catered to various segments. Earlier it focused on good quality leather chappals and sandals that the middle class Indian could wear, be it to work or at home. Over a period of time it has diversified into the sport shoes segment, colourful sandals for the youth and the high range formal leather shoes. Bata has used all the 4 ways possible in the Ansoff matrix to grow over a period of time. In the early 90’s it used the market penetration strategy where they offered high quality leather products at a cheap rate. Lately, it has opened various new outlets all over the country with a special focus on tier 2 and tier 3 cities. It has also brought in a wide variety of brands from slippers, sandals, sports shoes and formal shoes. They also sell shoes for school kids. They basically cater to all the different kinds of footwear that is available in the India market. SWOT Strength Worldwide presence Offers customer best value and great possible service Manages retail presence in 50 countries High demand in foreign market Weakness Losing competition because of the other big players like adidas, nike, woodland etc Not too much stylist so it is losing the attraction of the customer, specially in the youth segment They don’t have any powerful brand ambassador to promote their brand They haven’t promoted themselves thoroughly, invested very less in their add campaign Opportunity Bata India Limited has undertaken initiatives to improve the companys cost structure and margins. The company has initiated a financial restructuring exercise to down its interest cost Financial re-engineering: The Company has tightened controls on costs in all areas of and is looking at global sourcing for raw materials and other inputs Bata India is also exploring third-party manufacturing units in Assam and Jammu Kashmir as these enjoy tax holidays Bata Shoe Organization (BSO) has decided to give a breather to its 51 per cent subsidiary. Threat Introduction of new brands in the market. Lagging behind in terms of technological factors. Young generation is attracted to the other branded shoes like adidas, nike, woodland etc. Final inferences and recommendations BATA shifted its focus from lower middle class to upper middle class and premium though it is still catering to the lower segment. Its exclusive retail outlets are doing well in attracting the upper middle segment but it is not friendly and inviting to the lower segments. This segment still prefers the shop type format as against the mall. The main competition for BATA in catering to this segment is the unorganized sectors which are easier to walk in and are located in the prime local market area. However, BATA’s strength has been a strong lower segment and it enjoyed strong loyalty from this segment. This shift in focus might lead to a loosening the grip of BATA in this market. The new Indian consumer with growing economy has become more informed, style and quality conscious. He is willing to pay a higher premium for the latest internationally styled footwear. Urban women who believe in changing their footwear with the changing season demand variety in style at affordable rates. BATA can leverage on their good distribution in the country and collaborate with more international brands and sell them via exclusive outlets only in tier 2 and tier 3 cities. Their strategy of these collaborations with Hush Puppies and like is actually a good move and might help them grab the attention of urban style conscious customers. However, they should maintain their small entry level shops to cater to the lower middle class. Even for the lower segment it is facing stiff competition from unorganized players because of the variety they offer. To maintain their foot hold they should come up more varieties and change their basic style to suit the needs of the new customer. BATA in the minds of the customer is still affordable price, low variety brand with no frill stores catering more to school children and men. This image can be changed only by advertising more about its international brands and new footwear categories. The store ambience should also meet the expectations of customers walking in to buy these brands from a BATA outlet. It should focus on more customer friendly store services, better feedback mechanisms and trained and knowledgeable sales personnel to assist sales. References thehindubusinessline. com/iw/2009/04/19/stories/2009041950421100. htm moneycontrol. com/company-facts/bataindia/history/BI01 http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Bata_Shoes

Ludwig Von Mises essays

Ludwig Von Mises essays Ludwig Von Mises was born in 1881 in Austro- Hungarian city of Lemberg. Ludwigs father was a successful engineer, which is where Ludwig found his inspiration to work hard. When he turned nineteen Mr. Mises enrolled in the University of Vienna. Here with the great learning atmosphere of the University he studied economic greats Carl Menger, who is the founder of the Austrian school and also attended the seminar of the great professor at the school Eugen Von Bohm-Bawerk. Ludwig Von Mises received his doctorate at age 27. In 1912 after receiving his PhD Mises started his first piece of work, The Theory of Money and Credit. Mises, unlike other Austrian economist that came before him, which followed the classical school in separating money from the rest of the economy, and analyzed it in separate theoretical terms. Mises argued that just as the price of any commodity is determined by supply and demand, so is the purchasing power of money, its price. Mises showed in his work that prices increase faster or slower than the money supply, the amount and speed of price increases depending on peoples desire to hold cash. He also argued that because prices increase only relative to one another, monetary inflation brings about redistribution of wealth, from savers and earners to banks and government and its connected interested groups. Even more damaging are the business cycles of booms and busts that monetary inflation causes. In broad outline, when government inflates, it lowers the interest rate below the p roper market level, which depends on saving. The artificially low interest rate misleads businesses onto making uneconomic investments and creates an inflationary boom. When the credit expansion slows or stops, investments errors are revealed and bankruptcies and unemployment result. Central Banks like Federal Reserve will inevitable create the business cycle. What is to be done to stop the cycle? Mis ...

The Industrialization of American West and its Impact to the East Term Paper

The Industrialization of American West and its Impact to the East - Term Paper Example Yet skeptics were proven wrong as this ‘wilderness’ gradually expanded and metamorphosed into a booming industrial sphere and provided a promise that would last a lifetime. True enough, wherever opportunity springs, people swarm. This catapulted the growth of population in the US West and prompted the creation of more industries in the area, affecting not only the other side of the country but also some parts of the world. Evidence The construction of the transportation systems that link the nation’s East to West saw the dawn of great migrations within neighboring states. The Cumberland Road (1811) and the Erie Canal (1825) paved the way for people to explore far-flung areas in the West. This made people, especially those from the East who saw the level of opportunity in the area insufficient, realize that the vast land only waited for their attention and promised them an unspeakable prize. The California Gold Rush of 1849 â€Å"attracted people from all over the world to venture on the mining industry† (â€Å"The California Gold†). As time went by, however, gold deposits in California depleted, so expedient merchants immediately looked for other resources. Some of them ventured into another business while others still believed in the promise of mining. The gold mines in Colorado (1858), South Carolina (1860) and Dakota (1874) rewarded the faith of numerous miners. Several of them explored other natural resources of the West such as coal, copper, ore, and iron. Then the quest for precious minerals began and struck the entire nation with awe and fervor. Decades ago before these, the invention of the cotton gin also revolutionized the industry of farming in the United States during that time. Production of the crop increased and offered a competitive advantage for farmers. The area became a large-scale and respected supplier to the world. Not only that this yielded satisfactory income to workers and immense profits for businesspe rsons, but also contributed much in the revival of a feeble domestic economy. Accordingly, machines and tools were already invented to support industrial productions, especially in textiles and light metals that contributed to the export capability and competitiveness of the country. Generally, the agriculture, mining and construction industries actively facilitated the boost into the economy of the US since this era. The Americans of the East, the West, the natives, and even the immigrants saw these as an amazing turn-of-events. This period of American history, according to the academic Frederick Jackson Turner speaks about the â€Å"virtue of discovery, the courageous determination to trail new paths and an objection to the dogma that because an institution or condition exists, so it must remain† (Turner 35).  

Investment and Portfolio Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Investment and Portfolio Management - Essay Example The political turmoil in Libya is one of the most crucial among them. Asian markets were one of the most performing ones in the year 2010. The political unrest in Libya has casted a significant impact on the performance of Asian markets. â€Å"Asian currencies completed a weekly decline, led by the Taiwan dollar and South Korea’s won, as an uprising in Libya pushed up oil prices and sapped demand for emerging-market assets.† (Teso, 2011) Due to the serious political unrest in Libya crude oil climbed at a higher rate to $103.41 a barrel. This lead to fall of many Asian stocks as investors withdrew much higher than before. The situation impacted the currency market more than the stocks. It is very much evident that crude oil prices are one of the most important elements of market movement. Many developing nations’ market, especially in Asia is highly depended on the crude oil prices. Therefore, the future of Libya crisis is one of the most important concerns for in vestors across the world. Environmental issues: One of the greatest environmental factors that had affected the market recently is the earthquake in Japan. The fact that Japan is the world’s third largest economy will make the impact even worse. â€Å"The most direct impact is likely to be seen in Japanese exporters, like Honda, Toyota and Sony, whose production facilities will face disruption in the coming days.† (Schlesinger, 2011) Apart from the impact on major Japanese Automakers, the earthquake will impact the liquidity of many insurance companies. All largest insurance companies in Japan will be impacted heavily as they will now have to fund the insurers. As Japan is one of the largest economies in the world, big companies from across the world... This essay stresses that based on the analysis the above three are some of the alternative strategies for Philip Capital. All the three portfolios have their own unique nature. The first strategy is moderate as it has equal distribution of equity and other instruments. The second strategy is aggressive in which the percentage of equity is higher. The third strategy is mainly aimed at risk reduction. On a growth perspective, alternatives 1 and 2 are the best for Philip Capital. Philip Capital should still make a decision about where they should make and active investment and where they should make a passive investment. Generally speaking a passive strategy is useful when the broader market is expected to perform well compared to performance of individual stocks or sectors. The report has given a deep insight into the current issues in investment environment. Investment environment will always be prone to some challenges. The winners are those who come out of such challenges successfully. In terms of Philip Capital, the challenge is a volatile and unpredictable market situation. Based on the analysis of the market conditions, Philip Capital can adopt the two strategies that are mentioned in the previous section. The existing portfolio of Philip Capital has more than 50% of exposure towards UK equities and debts. This percentage is reduced in the two recommended portfolios because the UK market is not expected to perform well in 2011. Philip Capital will thus have a better return on investment from the new portfolio.

Gender and Sexual Identity

Gender and Sexual Identity Stacey Obispo Gender and Sexual Identity Understanding gender and sexual identities and the functions and effects of gender roles is important because it allows one to understand themselves and how to relate to others. The creation of gender identity is a complex process involving biological, cultural, and psychological elements (Yarber Sayad, 2012). A person’s gender identity is the deepest feelings one has about their gender and is expressed by the way they behave feminine, masculine, neither or both (Planned-Parenthood, 2015). For most individuals gender identity is not much of a concern (Yarber Sayad, 2012). Gender roles on the other hand are of much concern to people (Yarber Sayad, 2012). Gender roles tell one how to act as either a man or woman in their culture. In fact, many people question whether they are sufficiently feminine or masculine (Yarber Sayad, 2012). Not only does culture relate to gender identity and gender roles it also relates to sexual identity development. For instance, the world around a person helps shape their sexuality and the ways it is expressed (Yarber Sayad, 2012). Sexual identity is realized in adulthood when one identifies with a sexual identity such as; heterosexual, gay, lesbian, bisexual, or transgender (Yarber Sayad, 2012). This paper will analyze sexual and gender identity relating to how they evolve throughout ones’ lifespan and influences that contribute to their development. Analysis of; how gender identity contributes to sexual expression, functions and effects of gender/role stereotypes and their effects on relationships will be discussed. Additionally, the author will also contribute final thoughts on what male gender roles should be changed to reflect female roles. Gender and Sexual Identity Evolving through Lifespan When one is born, assignment of gender is given based on anatomical appearance (Yarber Sayad, 2012). This assignment tells others how to respond affecting the individual’s social and cultural development (Yarber Sayad, 2012). As development occurs through early childhood the individual is able to identify themselves as boy or girl based on what is internalized from what others have told them coupled by factors that are not yet understood (Yarber Sayad, 2012). The feeling of either femaleness or maleness is the individual’s gender identity and is developed between the ages of 2 or 3 (Yarber Sayad, 2012). During this stage some children may believe that they can change genders by changing their clothes or hair length (Yarber Sayad, 2012). By the age of 6 or 7 children begin to understand that gender is permanent and it is not something that can be altered or changed by clothes (Yarber Sayad,2012). Gender identity evolves with how we feel and express our gender and gender roles (Yarber Sayad, 2012). These expressions are linked to culture and are expressed through clothing, behavior, and personal appearance (Planned-Parenthood, 2015). Although gender identity is established by seven years of age gender identity expression is communicated and it evolves over time through changes in society and culture (Yarber Sayad, 2012). Different pressures from birth through childhood to conform to ones gender are expressed through learning gender roles (Yarber Sayad, 2012). In infancy throughout childhood a girl may be given dresses to wear, have long hair, and may be prescribed to wear colors such as pink (Yarber Sayad, 2012). Conversely boys may be prescribed to wear pants and blue colors. Parents begin assignment of gender roles based on a child’s gender which shapes the formation of their gender identity (Yarber Sayad, 2012). Parents deploy the use of manipulation from infanc y onward by treating girls gently, telling her she’s pretty (Yarber Sayad, 2012). They tell boys they are strong and tell them that boys do not cry (Yarber Sayad, 2012). Channeling is used by directing children’s attention to objects that are gender specific such as dolls for girls and cars for boys (Yarber Sayad, 2012). Parents during childhood also use verbal appellation to describe the same behavior with different words for boys and girls (Yarber Sayad, 2012). Activity exposure is another way parents expose their children to gender roles (Yarber Sayad, 2012). For instance boys are discouraged from imitating their mothers while girls are encouraged to be there mother’s helper (Yarber Sayad, 2012). Throughout childhood and adolescence teachers and peers are socializing agents that also provide standards for gender-role behavior (Yarber Sayad, 2012). Sexual identity/orientation evolves throughout childhood, adolescence and adulthood. In childhood and early adolescence there is most often sex play or sexual experimentation with members of the opposite sex and same sex (Yarber Sayad, 2012). When these exploratory experiences begin there is uncertainty in terms of sexual orientation (Yarber Sayad, 2012). When late adolescence begins and in young adulthood both male and females are confronted with the importance of developing and establishing intimacy (Yarber Sayad, 2012). The need to be able to develop intimacy places pressure on young adults to conform to a sexual identity and in order to establish intimacy in a relationship one needs to solidify with a sexual orientation (Yarber Sayad, 2012). By late adolescence or young adulthood most individuals develop a heterosexual identity (Yarber Sayad,2012). For those who are attracted to the same sex it can take longer to accept their sexual identity because of societal taboos (Yarbe r Sayad,2012). In middle adulthood individuals may question intimacy and commitment due to divorce (Yarber Sayad, 2012). During this stage some people may reevaluate their sexual identity because one’s philosophy continues to evolve (Yarber Sayad, 2012). Influences Contributing to Gender and Sexual Identity Development Parental influence contributes towards gender and sexual identity development. Gender identity is influenced by gender roles which parents instill in the children from birth through childhood (Yarber Sayad, 2012). Sexual identities are influenced by parents through the child observing their parents behaviors and family dynamics and characteristics (Yarber Sayad, 2012) Peers influence gender identity through providing information about gender role and norms through play activities (Yarber Sayad, 2012). Peers provide standards for gender roles by granting or withholding approval with others by deciding what games to play, what television shows to watch, what types of foods to eat, and what music to listen to. Peers influence sexual identity by passing information about sex to each other (Yarber Sayad, 2012). Furthermore, peer influence places sexual pressure on boys to be sexually active even if they are uninterested or unprepared (Yarber Sayad, 2012). Media influences gender identity through the information they provide on gender roles and perceived norms (Yarber Sayad, 2012; Wood). Females on television are attractive, thin, well groomed and most often under 40 (Wood). In contrast, males are most often aggressive, solve problems and rescue others from danger (Wood). The media influences sexual identity by bombarding adolescents and children with sexual images (Wood). The exposure increases teen’s willingness to experiment with sex (Wood). Religiosity influences gender identity development through information they provide on gender roles and norms (Yarber Sayad, 2012). The information religion provides shapes adolescent sexual behaviors (Yarber Sayad, 2012). This in return influences the choices adolescents and young adults will make regarding their sexual orientation (Yarber Sayad, 2012). Gender Identity and Sexual Expression As mentioned earlier gender roles influence the adaptation of one’s gender identity (Yarber Sayad, 2012). The relationship of gender roles and gender identity is also linked with sexual expression (Yarber Sayad,2012). One will sexually express themselves through gender roles that are learned as well as through social and cultural roles which offer sexual scripts that provide rule, acts, and expectations associated with a particular role (Yarber Sayad,2012). The sexual scripts in American culture strongly influence sexual expression in both men and women. Sexual scripts and gender roles may be different for those that are bisexual, transgender, lesbian and gay (Yarber Sayad, 2012). Sexual scripts organize one’s sexual expression (Yarber Sayad, 2012). There is a cultural component to sexual scripts which emphasizes heterosexuality, places sexual intercourse first, and discourages masturbation (Yarber Sayad, 2012).Within cultural scripts there are specific male and f emale scripts that are encouraged by society to be practiced (Yarber Sayad, 2012). Male sexual scripts include; men should not have or express certain feelings, performance is only what counts, the man is in charge and already know what the woman wants, a man is always ready for sex and wants it, all physical contact leads to sex, all erotic contact leads to sexual intercourse, and sexual intercourse leads to orgasm (Yarber Sayad, 2012). Female sexual scripts include: sex is both good and bad, sex is for men and love is for women, men should know what women want, women should not talk about sex, women should look like models, a man’s desires should be over hers and his orgasm over hers, and only through penile penetration can a woman have an orgasm (Yarber Sayad, 2012). Interpersonal scripts deal with shared conventions and signals expressed by a couple signaling sexual behaviors. Intrapersonal scripts deal with the physiological states that lead to or identify sexual arou sal (Yarber Sayad, 2012). Gender Role Stereotypes There are four different types of gender role stereotypes. The first category of gender role stereotype is personality traits (Planned-Parenthood, 2015). Male gender roles include specific personality traits. For instance in America there are specific personality traits related to the traditional male role. Male gender role traits include; aggressiveness, independence, emotional toughness, feelings of superiority, and decisiveness (Planned-Parenthood, 2015). For females gender role stereotypes include: passivity, compliance, physical attractiveness, and being a wife and mother (Planned-Parenthood, 2015). The second category of gender stereotypes is domestic behaviors (Planned-Parenthood,2015). Males are regarded as being best at doing household repairs while females are regarded as being best at caring for children (Yarber Sayad, 2012). The next category of gender role stereotypes involves occupations (Planned-Parenthood, 2015). Most doctors and construction workers are males and un til recently most secretaries and nurses were female (Planned-Parenthood, 2015). The last category of gender role stereotype is physical appearance (Planned-Parenthood, 2015). Men are expected to be strong, broad shouldered and tall and women are expected to be graceful and small (Planned-Parenthood, 2015). Supporting and Refuting Gender Role Stereotypes Evidence that supports the reason why these gender role stereotypes are fulfilled is presented in the article, What is Stereotype Threat?   (2015). In the article gender role stereotypes are thought to be perpetuated not because one agrees with the gender role rather because one perceives the threat as a risk to conformity which inadvertently leads the individual to self-handicapping strategies that in return preserves the stereotype that was being avoided (â€Å"What is stereotype threat?†). Another reason why gender stereotypes are fulfilled is because of the discomfort they cause the individual. For instance gender role stereotypes can also cause an individual enough discomfort to go against the gender role that they cause the individual to alter or redefine their professional career paths (â€Å"What is stereotype threat?†). Evidence that refutes gender stereotypes is that they do not apply to all ethnicities and socioeconomic classes (â€Å"What is stereotype th reat?†). The majority of research on gender roles has been based on research on White and middle class which are mostly college students (â€Å"What is stereotype threat?†). The roles in other words, are not true to all socioeconomic classes or ethnicities. In addition there is evidence which supports that traditional gender roles are no longer valid because there are new ones which have evolved. Traditional gender role stereotypes are evolving from traditional hierarchical roles to ones that are egalitarian and androgynous (â€Å"What is stereotype threat?†). Additionally, scholars have challenged masculine and feminine gender roles and have found that they are unhealthy and fail to reflect the real world (â€Å"What is stereotype threat?†). Functions of Gender Role Stereotypes The overall functions of these stereotypes is to make multiple associations between gender and other non-sex linked qualities such as strength (male) and affection (female), the next function of gender stereotypes is to is to create a basis for social norm, status, taboos and privileges (Yarber Sayad,2012). The problem with gender role functions is that they categorize people and undervalue the uniqueness of individuals (Yarber Sayad,2012). Gender Roles: Affecting Relationships and Sexual Interactions Gender roles affect relationships because they aid in creating sexual scripts for both males and females (Yarber Sayad,2012). These roles are then telling both male and females how to behave in their relationships and what sexual script each should adhere to (Yarber Sayad,2012). The sexual script in return tells each gender how to participate in sexual acts (Yarber Sayad,2012). Conclusion Gender role attitudes and behaviors of the male sex I would like to see become more like my own include men looking like models and being constantly attractive. I think if this same standard was mentioned or even enforced culturally and by media standards there just may be consensus between both males and females that such standards are not ideal and is ridiculous. Another gender role stereotype that would be nice to see in the male sex is for men to become nurturers. It would be nice to see more males make sacrifices for the partner’s careers or the children’s needs even if it may inconvenience them form what they may want . The on taking of this role may help make roles androgynous. The final role behavior I would like to see more like my own is for males to be caregivers of children. Men becoming caregivers of children may allot women more opportunities within the workplace because they have the peace of mind knowing their counterpart is taking care of their child. References Planned-Parenthood. (2015). Sexual orientation and gender are fundamental parts of who we are. Retrieved from http://www.plannedparenthood.org/learn/sexual-orientation-gender What is stereotype threat? (2015). Retrieved from http://www.reducingstereotypethreat.org/definition.html Wood, J. T. (n.d.). The influence of media on views of gender. Retrieved from http://www.udel.edu/comm245/readings/GenderedMedia.pdf Yarber, W., Sayad, B., Strong, B. (2012). Human sexuality: Diversity in contemporary America. (8th ed.) New York: McGraw-Hill.

Interpretation of the short story “Yellow”

Interpretation of Yellow The short story â€Å"Yellow by Peter Carry Is about being Insecure and how lack of self- esteem can lead a person to suicide. It Is also about changing as a person by gathering enough courage to do It. The story revolves around the mall character Jon, a second-string writer on a London listings magazine, who has been forced on a learn-to-scuba-dive trip in Egypt. Jon is an insecure, overweight man with no willpower, pushing forty and dealing with a midlife crisis. There are also two minor characters in the story, Beret the scuba diving instructor and Brian the other student n Beret's group.The story is told over a few days and mainly takes place in the ocean, the diving school and his hotel, though the hotel is used for nothing more than drinking liquor. The story is told by an omniscient third person narrator that gives us a better impression of Son's way of thinking so we can tell why he in the end chooses to drown himself. Jon is lonely on the trip, the editor didn't pay for his girlfriend to come with him and he Is envious of the other student Brian. â€Å"But he envied Brian his calm, the methodical way he assembled and clambered Into the ear. † (p. 1, l. 9-20) Brian Is a calm, methodical person who Is In control of his own life, unlike Jon. They do not have anything In common besides knowledge of alcoholic beverages, and all conservations just lead nowhere. Son's relationship with his girlfriend does not go well either, â€Å"The silences between them had multiplied, then lengthened into an empty continuum. † (p. 2, l. 54-55). The primary reasons for Son's mid-life crisis are his not-so-well relationship and his suppressed frustration over always being called â€Å"Yellow, a term meaning coward. He thought of his fear and became angry. Well, this would show them he wasn't yellow. (p. 2, l. 128-129). He is sick and tired of his life and tries to drink his misery away but even the alcohol is not on his side, â€Å" He poured more gin, but no matter how much he swallowed it was never enough. † (p. 1, l. 57). In the end, he could only numb his pain by drinking water. Jon actually clings to life at one point, refusing to die. â€Å"Beret grabbed him and thrust in a mouthpiece just before Jon broke the surface, gasping for life, clawing in air. † (p. 3, l. 99-100). This shows that he is not completely ready to let go of his life, even though having contemplated suicide a number of times.He finally transform in the end, he gathers up courage to prove that he is not a coward and let go of his old self. He starts drinking of the ocean water and look back up at himself from below. â€Å"Well, this would show them he wasn't yellow. Then he was calm again and looked back up at himself from below. † (p. 2, l. 128-129). He finally experiences the calm which symbolizes the transformation to his new self. He has left the old ‘Jon' behind and has come the new, free and Ideal ‘ Jon'. Longboats Hughes' â€Å"Suicide's Note†, where the calm face of the river asks for a kiss, fits Jon perfectly, as he accepts the river's kiss of death. Heir nothingness part of an immeasurable emptiness, as if they has shows how he thinks of the depths as an opportunity to leave his life behind. In William Wordsmith's poem, â€Å"Lines composed a Few miles Above Tinder Abbey', where he feels freed by natures living air, blue sky and round ocean Just like how the ocean is Son's beautiful escape way, which releases him from his depressed thoughts ND frees him of his misery. Man vs.. Nature William Wordsmith is a poet who lived during the Romantic era and was heralded as a genius and was the source of inspiration to many.In his poem, â€Å"Lines Composed a Few Miles Above Tinder Abbey', he is saddened by man's inferiority when compared to natures many wonders such as the beauty of a sunset, a raging waterfall and the living air. William Wordsmith felt that nature was an everlasting source of inspiration that knew no boundaries and is astounded by Mother Nature hat fills people up with calming and positive thoughts whereas the human mind chains people with stressful and negative thoughts aiming to hurt and dominate the mind of the individual.Jon and William Wordsmith share the same love for nature because it is their source of inspiration. Jon has grown tired of the Job, his life and the cruel and the indifferent society he lived in. Jon was inspired by the oceans deep dark abyss and felt like this was the place he could get away from it all, the place where he could be at peace.